Vol. 2, Issue 1, Part A (2025)

Balashosha is a pediatric condition described in Ayurvedic literature, characterized by progressive depletion of bodily tissues due to impaired nourishment and digestion. It is often correlated with various forms of childhood malnutrition in modern medicine, particularly Protein-Energy Malnutrition (PEM). This condition manifests predominantly in early childhood, a critical period for growth and development. Balashosha arises due to the impaired function of Agni (Agnimandya), leading to inadequate transformation and assimilation of nutrients essential for dhatu poshana (tissue nourishment). Classical texts attribute this to a combination of causes including maternal malnutrition, improper breastfeeding, infections, and hereditary factors.
The clinical features of Balashosha include emaciation, pallor, delayed milestones, irritability, poor appetite, fatigue, and compromised immunity. If left unaddressed, the condition may result in stunted growth, cognitive impairment, and increased morbidity and mortality. Ayurvedic management of Balashosha emphasizes holistic interventions involving dietary regulation, use of Rasayana (rejuvenating) drugs, Balya (strength-promoting) herbs, and Panchakarma therapies tailored to the child’s strength. Herbs such as Ashwagandha, Shatavari, Bala, Vidarikanda, and formulations like Ghrita, Leha and medicated biscuits have shown promising results in improving nutritional status and overall growth.
This review aims to explore the etiopathogenesis, clinical presentation, and holistic management of Balashosha in light of classical Ayurvedic principles and recent clinical studies. Emphasis on early diagnosis, maternal education, and lifestyle modifications is crucial to prevent long-term complications and ensure optimal growth and development in children.